Communications

None, at the moment.

General information

The course on Systems for Industry 4.0 and Environment (IoT) will be held by Prof. Tullio Facchinetti and Prof. Stefano Scanzio.

This is the official page, containing all the necessary information about the course. Regarding the course’s material, this page contains only the material of Prof. Facchinetti. I recommend to carefully read the information reported in this page.

Additional resources, related to the part of the course managed by Prof. Scanzio, can be accessed from the page on the Bicocca’s e-learning platform.

Contacts and appointments

To request for a meeting, and for any other issue, please send an email to tullio.facchinetti@unipv.it.

Since I held/hold many different courses, I kindly ask to specify in the email the following information: name, course name, identification number, and - possibly - the year when the course was attended.

Weekly schedule

There are two lessons per week. The schedule is as follows:

• Wednesday, 10:30 - 12:30 (U4-04)
• Wednesday, 14:30 - 16:30 (LAB908 (U9a))

The course will be held at Milano Bicocca.

Organization of the exam

The exam consists of a test regarding the topics covered during the course. The test will be delivered in presence, through the online testing platform. The duration of the test is 2 hours.

To avoid problems on the day of the exam, it is recommended to make sure to be able to access the course in the online platform using the student’s credentials.

The slides linked in this page contain all the material that is necessary for preparing the exam, but limited to the part managed by Prof. Facchinetti.

The slides that are available online may cover some topics that will not be explained during the lessons. Such topics WILL NOT BE subject of questions or exercises at the exam.

Slides

The didactic material is based on the slides shown during lessons. Additional material may be made available during the course.

ATTENTION: since slight changes to the slides are possible, it is recommended to periodically check this site for updates. The date indicated for each presentation represents the latest update of the corresponding file.

Introduction

• [21/02/2023] Introduction : origins of IoT systems; general concepts and definitions;
• [21/02/2023] IoT design : IoT approach; Design goals; Design approach; Basic components; Hardware; Software; Operating Systems;

Finite State Machines

• [19/03/2023] Finite State Machines : introduction; Mealy and Moore FSM; formal model; composition of state machines; examples. (part on hybrid systems not covered)

Real-time systems

• [24/11/2023] Introduction : definitions; examples; terminology, definitions and notation; taxonomy;
• [24/11/2023] Classical algorithms : First-Come First-Served (FCFS), Shortest Job First (SJF), Round-Robin (RR), Earliest Due Date (EDD), Earliest Deadline First (EDF), optimality of EDF, non-preemptive scheduling.
• [24/03/2023] Periodic tasks : task model, Rate Monotonic (RM), Earliest Deadline First (EDF), Deadline Monotonic (DM).
• [04/12/2024] Aperiodic tasks : task model, background scheduling, Polling Server (PS), Sporadic Server (SS), Total Bandwidth Server (TBS), TBS*, Constant bandwidth Server (CBS).
• [22/02/2023] Shared resources : critical sections, Priority Inheritance Protocol (PIP).

Networking

• [21/02/2023] IoT Networking introduction : introduction to IoT networking, ISO/OSI layers.
• [01/11/2023] Fieldbuses : introduction, characteristics, applications, CAN bus, EtherCAT.
• [24/11/2023] MAC protocols : characteristics, CSMA/CD, CSMA/CA, alternatives.
• [24/11/2023] Wireless protocols : Wireless Sensor Networks, LoRa, LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, ZigBee, comparison.
• [17/05/2023] Message Passing protocols : Introduction, CoAP, MQTT, AMQP, XMPP, comparison.
• [24/05/2023] REST API : JSON and XML, RESTful services: characteristics, design, methods, examples.

Sensors

• [24/02/2023] Time sensors : oscillators: equivalent circuit, clock, clock drift, parameters and properties, distributed synchronization; Network Time Protocol (NTP).

Suggested books

The following text books are helpful to expand the topics covered in the course.

• Paulo Verissimo, Luis Rodriguez, “Distributed Systems for System Architects”, Kluwer Academis Publishers, 2000. ISBN 0-7923-7266-2.
• Giorgio C. Buttazzo, “Hard Real-time Computing System” Second Edition, Springer, 2005. ISBN 0-387-23137-4.
• Edward A. Lee and Sanjit A. Seshia, Introduction to Embedded Systems, A Cyber-Physical Systems Approach, ISBN 978-0-557-70857-4, 2011.