Moving your filesystem to USB is a great way to improve reliability, speed and storage space on your Raspberry Pi. If you’re running something that is writing a lot of data constantly then having your filesystem on USB is safer because it’s less likely to get corrupted or stop working with a high amount of write cycles.
This tutorial is using a USB stick which doesn’t require any additional external power, if you want to use a larger USB hdd you will have to also get a powered USB hub because you’re Raspberry Pi doesn’t have enough juice to power it.

I’m using Raspbian for my operating system and I’ll assume you know how to install and configure that yourself.

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